From movement to mind – the applications of electrical stimuli to treat diseases and to restore motor and sensory functions have tremendously grown over the last decades. While “classical“ electrical stimulation mainly addressed the functional rehabilitation of paralyzed limbs, stories of success have been written in the field of cochlea implants, deep brain and vagal nerve stimulation. Recording of bioelectrical signals covers the whole range from diagnosis to rehabilitation. Recently, electrical stimulation has been proven to be successful to treat psychiatric disorders, retinal vision prostheses have been gone in human clinical trials and brain-computer-interfaces provided paralyzed patients a control interface to communicate via a computer screen.